Just as people's teeth can, pets may be affected by a variety of dental diseases if their teeth are not given regular attention. While cavities tend to occur more infrequently in pets, dental diseases can cause bad breath, swollen or bleeding gums, and loose teeth. These problems can lead to your pet having difficulty eating, as well as causing them severe pain.

Causes of Dental Disease in Pets

Over time, your pet's teeth and gums become coated in a thin layer of material from food particles, dead cells and saliva. As this layer thickens, it becomes a breeding ground for bacteria that cause dental diseases. If the layers are left undisturbed for a long period of time, your pet may eventually develop diseases such as gingivitis (inflammation and infection) and periodontitis, in which the deep tissue of the gums become infected. In extreme cases, periodontal infection may spread to other parts of the body, including vital organs.

Veterinary Services for your Pet's Teeth

Make a point of asking your veterinarian to check your pet's teeth each time you visit. They should check for potential problems such as plaque deposits and gingivitis, as well as swelling, and broken or loose teeth. If your vet notices any serious problems they may recommend an X-ray for a more thorough investigation, or tooth extraction, or treatment for gum disease.

Brushing your Pet's Teeth at Home

The most effective way to prevent development of dental diseases is by cleaning your pet's teeth at regular intervals. This is also the best way of fighting ‘dog breath', as almost all cases of bad breath in pets are caused by gum diseases that are the result of infection or plaque build-up.

Cleaning your pet's teeth is much easier if you start while they are young. Between three and twelve months is an ideal time to start. If you are starting with an older pet, getting them used to having their teeth brushed will be more difficult, and it may take a little longer before you can brush their teeth successfully.

Whatever your pet's age, it's best to start the process slowly, so they can get used to having their mouth and teeth handled closely. Start out by holding your pet in a comfortable position that offers you easy access to the mouth. When they're calm, lift their lips to look at the teeth. Hold the position for a few seconds, then stop and give your pet a small treat, to encourage them to behave well when you're handling their mouth.

Once you and your pet are comfortable with this process, you can attempt brushing their teeth. For this you will need a special pet tooth brush as well as tooth paste that has been made for animal use. Human tooth paste should not be used for pets, as it is harmful when swallowed, and as cats and dogs cannot spit, they will be unable to prevent themselves from swallowing the paste. Animal tooth pastes are available in flavors such as beef and chicken, so your pets will find these much more palatable, too.

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