|
TCP/IP architecture model
Unlike the ISO/OSI reference model, TCP/IP architecture is only divided into 4 layers. The exchange of information between the layers is again exactly defined and again, each service uses the services of a lower level and provides its services to a higher layer. - Network interface(Data link) layer
- Network layer
- Transport layer
- Application layer
Network interface layer
The lowest layer of the TCP/IP model. Its task is to provide access to the transmission physical medium and it differs according to the implementation of the medium.
Network layer
The network layer provides network addressing, routing and datagram transmission. Used protocols that will be of interest further regarding DHCP are IP and ARP.
IP protocol
It is the basic protocol of the network layer and in general the internet as a whole. It sends datagrams, which are independent units that contain information about the destination, source and the sequence number of the datagram. The sequence number is used for message reconstruction, since the delivery order of the datagrams might not be the same as their order in the message and delivery reliability isn’t guaranteed at all. IP protocol versions: - IP v4 – 32 bit addresses. Provides approximately 4 billion unique addresses which aren’t sufficient at present times.
- IP v6 – 128 bit addresses. The transition to v6 will bring (is bringing) higher security, QoS, packet segmentation and many more IP addresses. (the transition from IP v4 to IP v6 must be supported by the system provider)
ARP protocol
The ARP abbreviation stands for Address Resolution Protocol. This protocol is used to find the physical address (MAC) based on a known IP address. If required ARP sends information concerning the wanted address to all the stations in the network – Broadcast. The stations consequently answer with a message containing their MAC. If the wanted device/station is outside the node/segment, the appropriate router will answer instead of it.
Transport layer
The transport layer is implemented only in terminal devices and it adjusts the behavior of the network according to the requirements of the device/application.
Application layer
The application layer is composed of programs that use net services to fulfill the needs of users. Examples of specific protocols are for instance FTP, DNS and DHCP. Application protocols use TCP, UDP or both services at the same time. So called ports are used to differentiate between application protocols, they represent a type of label of the application. It is possible to change the ports in the settings of the service, but each service has a default port that isn’t changed for most services and is used as an unwritten standard. - FTP = 21
- DNS = 53
- DHCP = 67 + 68
|
This article has been viewed 105 times.
Rate Article
Rating: 0 / 5 stars - 0 vote(s).
Article Comments There are no comments for this article.
Leave A Reply
Related Articles
- Cisco CCNA And CCNP Practice Questions: Static Routing, Hex Conversions, and More!
- The Tools and Features of Adobe Photoshop
- Cisco CCNA / CCNP Certification Practice Questions: Routers, Switches, Frame Relay, And More!
- Social Networking Meets Blog Networking
- A Review of the Top Leads Network Marketing Companies
- Nokia N81 8GB Mobile Phone: Huge Storage
- The Real Truth About Satellite TV Dish Networks
- Cisco CCNA And CCNP Troubleshooting Exercise: OSPF Adjacencies
- Cisco CCNA, CCENT, And CompTIA Network+ And Security+ Questions: Teardrop Attacks And OSPF
- How To Set Up A Wireless Network Using Satellite Internet Service
- Cisco And CompTIA Practice Questions: Etherchannels, The OSI Model, And More!
- CCNA, CCENT, Network+, Security+ Practice Questions: EIGRP, Teardrop Attacks, And More!
- Info-Products Need Love Too
- Cisco CCNA,CCNP,CCENT,and CompTIA Network+ And Security+ Questions: VLANs,SYN Attacks,And More!
- 6 Good Reasons For Online Backup Services
- Laptop Wireless Connection
- Computer Network Timing Using The GPS System
- The OSI Reference Model and TCP/IP architecture
- Why Network Monitoring Is Important
- What Is Social Bookmarking?
- Analysis of Chinese Network Games Market In 2007 and 2008
- Network Configuration Manager Tools For Efficiency
- Computer Security Practice
- Effective Article Writing For Targeted Website Traffic
- Protecting Your PC and Network
- Doing Network Security Right The First Time
- Wireless Network Installation and Configuration
- A case for an automated web server monitoring service
- Cisco CCNA, CCENT, CCNP, and CompTIA Practice Questions: OSI Model, EIGRP, And More!
- Backing up my files - Making the right choice
|
