Orchids come in many varieties and are vibrant and hardy plants. However, many people do not know of this curious fact, but orchids do not grow in soil.

Epiphytes are orchids that cling to trees, supporting themselves on the bark. They receive all the water they need when rain water runs or drips down the tree. They can obtain what it needs from the air.

Lithophytes are a variety of orchids that grow on rocks. Saprophytes grow in leaf litter, and terrestrials are found growing in sand.

Orchids, like other plants, prefer certain conditions when growing in the wild. You need to bear this in mind when growing them under greenhouse conditions. By knowing what natural conditions they thrive in, you can successfully simulate the environment at home.

It is easy to maintain a setting similar to their natural habitat for orchids. It is simple to obtain volcanic rocks or fir bark chips. Most orchids only need small amounts of water at regular intervals. Allow enough time between watering for them to dry. With a loosely packed base, it is easily drained.

Your orchids should be re-potted every two or three years. They will begin to be too big for the pot and the material they grow in will usually show signs of disintegration. This is due to too much water or insect activity. You know its time to re-pot if the roots are appearing over the side of the pot.

It is far easier to re-pot such plants when we compare it to traditional plants. Do remember to exercise caution when dealing with plants. This step should only be done when the plant is at its most dormant stage. For instance, it would be in early Spring, before its major growth spurt.

Be cautious when you take the plant from its pot and remove any remaining material from its roots. To give the plant the best chance of surviving in it's new pot, clip off any damaged or unhealthy looking roots.

Many times this move will be made to a larger pot. Refill the pot with the proper growing media, whether it's bark, lava rocks or something else. There is also a special orchid sphagnum moss that works quite well for some types. Clear a place to insert your plant and refill up to the crown (rhizome).

If necessary, support the plant with a stake. Use it for a while, until the plant can grow without toppling.

Keep in mind that the orchid absorbs the majority of the nutrients from the surrounding air and not the growing medium. Make sure you provide proper airflow.

The amount of air available to the roots is dependent on the chip size. Ensure that the correct type of pot material is used for the plant. When the plant begins to sprout fresh leaves, you can use a bit of 18-18-18 to fertilize it.