3. (A, C). Frame Relay is a packet-switching protocol, and one major advantage of Frame is its cost - it's relatively cheap!

4. (A). The Local Management Interface sounds like some kind of GUI, but it's not. Among other functions, the LMI serves as a keepalive between the DTE and DCE. If there's an LMI mismatch, the physical interface will remain up but the line protocol will go down.

5. The default encapsulation type of a Cisco Serial interface is HDLC, as verified here with show interface serial0. This particular interface is shut down, but the default encapsulation type still appears in the command output.

R1#show int serial0 Serial0 is administratively down, line protocol is down Hardware is HD64570 MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255 Encapsulation HDLC, loopback not set

6 & 7. When LMI Autosense is in operation, the DTE will send three LMI Status messages. The DCE will respond with one LMI Status message. The DTE sees that Status message coming in, and from that point on only sends the LMI Status message type that matches the type it received from the DCE.

8. (B) That output is the result of running the show frame lmi command. An excellent starting point for Frame Relay troubleshooting.

9. (D) That output is the result of running debug frame lmi. Always be careful when running debugs in a production network - never run a debug unless you're sure of the resulting output, which can overwhelm the router.

10. Inverse ARP enables dynamic Frame Relay mapping. Inverse ARP is often disabled in today's networks, and this is done by running the no frame-relay inverse-arp command at the interface level.

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